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At 5 am, Wang Piyu, deputy director of the Changhai County Natural Resources Affairs Service Center, sets out by patrol boat for Fantuozi Island, a core breeding site for Chinese egrets in the Changshan Archipelago, Northeast China's Liaoning Province. The island has no permanent residents.
About 100 meters from the island, Wang turns off the engine and reminds accompanying researchers to keep their voices low to avoid disturbing the nesting birds.
Stepping onto the island, they walk along paths covered with vines. Scattered across the rocky slopes are nests measuring 40 to 50 centimeters in diameter. Inside, fluffy chicks huddle together among soft grass woven into nests, while adult birds perch high in the trees, watching cautiously.
"This was not what the island looked like 10 years ago," Wang recalled. "People used to collect eggs here, and coastal aquaculture polluted the tidal flats. Many parts of the island were bare, leaving little vegetation for birds to nest."
The recovery of Changshan Archipelago, however, has turned the remote archipelago into an important link in global conservation efforts.
At the 48th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in Busan, South Korea, the boundary modification of the Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China was approved, officially adding the Changshan Archipelago to the World Heritage site.
The expansion further strengthens the integrity of the serial natural heritage site, following a previous update in 2024, and highlights China's efforts to integrate coastal ecosystem conservation, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
Behind the World Heritage recognition lies years of conservation work involving local authorities and island residents.
Located in the northern Yellow Sea off Dalian, the Changshan Archipelago sits along a key route of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, providing an essential stopover where tens of millions of migratory birds replenish their energy during their journeys across the Bohai Sea.
The newly added area covers more than 4,900 hectares and is home to more than 140 recorded bird species, including the Chinese egret and black-faced spoonbill, both listed as China's national first-class protected animals.
In 2015, more than 300 Chinese egrets arrived in Changhai county. After discovering the birds, local authorities introduced a series of protective measures, including establishing patrol teams and installing remote monitoring systems to reduce human disturbance.
However, the growing bird population also created new challenges.
Less than half of Fantuozi Island was covered by shrubs, which serve as the nesting grounds for the egrets. Additionally, the island's poor soil and acidification caused by years of accumulated bird droppings had led to the withering and death of some shrubs in recent years.
From 2022, the county launched an ecological restoration project, replacing surface soil with fertile earth and planting more than 2,200 shrubs.
The efforts helped restore the breeding habitat. The number of Chinese egrets on the island has since recovered, with this year's population estimated at about 3,500, including around 1,500 adults and nearly 2,000 chicks, according to Lü Yongquan, director of Changhai county's natural resources bureau.
"Chinese egrets are highly sensitive to water quality, vegetation and human disturbance. Their return to breed here is a sign that the marine ecosystem has recovered and is thriving," Lü told the Global Times.
From fishermen to guardians
Conservation in Changhai is not only carried out by authorities. Local communities have also gradually become part of the protection network.
Authorities have expanded public awareness campaigns and strengthened patrols. Because most of the Changshan Archipelago is uninhabited, drones, fixed-point infrared cameras, and on-site inspections are used to monitor the islands and reefs around the clock.
Many fishermen who once relied on the sea for their livelihoods now help protect it.
During the peak breeding season from April to July, regular marine patrols are carried out to protect nesting sites and prevent illegal egg collection and habitat damage. Local bird conservation groups and research institutions have also joined the efforts, while fishermen have taken on new roles as volunteer guardians of the islands.
Across Changhai county, many fishermen now actively participate in coastal patrols to help protect the archipelago's biodiversity.
For Li Qingsen, a 50-year-old island native and member of the county's forest fire brigade, protecting the birds has become a way of life.
From spring to autumn, 20 team members take turns staying on Fantuozi Island in pairs to protect the birds from disturbance.
Life on the 0.08-square-kilometer island is far from easy. There are no freshwater sources or docks. Patrol workers carry large barrels of water and wade ashore from boats anchored offshore. Instant noodles are often their main food because they require little preparation and some water.
Their work is closely tied to the seasonal cycle of the birds. Each April, thousands of Chinese egrets arrive in the archipelago from Southeast Asia to breed and rear their young, staying until early September before migrating south for the winter.
At present, young egrets are already practicing flight above the treetops. By autumn, they will join their parents in a southward migration.
For Wang, who has spent half of his life guarding Fantuozi Island, the World Heritage recognition is both a homecoming for the birds and a reward for years of protection. "Now, it is a home for the birds, and a reward for all the years we have spent protecting it."
。1月15日：据9to5Mac新闻报道，已知的第一起执法案件发生在几个月前的美国。联邦调查局要求嫌疑犯用身份证解锁他的手机。然而，在《福布斯》14日的一份报告中，加利福尼亚州一名法官裁定，政府不能强迫人们通过生物识别功能解锁他们的手机，即使他们有命令。在这起案件中，加利福尼亚州北部地区法院听取了警方的意见，他们正在寻求搜查令，作为Facebook敲诈案的一部分。
二 | 案件中的受害者被要求支付一笔钱，以避免向公众发布“令人尴尬”的视频。执法当局想用搜查令来搜查他们认为在此案中的嫌疑人的财产。在一次突袭中，他们试图通过面部识别码和触摸识别码解锁嫌疑人的手机。法官同意警方有逮捕令，但无权强迫嫌疑人通过生物识别技术解锁他们的设备。KandisWestmore法官表示，这一要求“过于宽泛，不能仅限于特定的人员或设备”。值得注意的是，如果执法机关要求更窄的逮捕令，这项特别裁决将来可能会被推翻。然而，更广泛地说，威斯特莫尔法官裁定，即使有逮捕令，也不能强迫嫌疑人通过人脸识别和触摸识别等生物识别技术来解开他们的罪行。法官在裁决中解释说，在解锁手机的情况下，指纹和面部识别与实物证据不同。”如果一个人因为证词交流而不能被强制提供密码，那么他就不能被强制提供指纹、虹膜、面部或其他生物特征识别功能来解锁同一个设备，”法官写道。韦斯特莫尔说，除了在突袭中发现的设备之外，还有其他方法可以访问“不违反第五修正案”所需的数据。这包括访问Facebook和请求访问Facebook信使对话。在去年10月的一份新闻报道中，联邦调查局要求嫌疑犯向iPhoneX展示自己的脸，以解锁手机。当时，《第五修正案》没有保护面部识别和触摸识别。威斯特莫尔法官的裁决将随着时间的推移而生效，理想情况下为用户提供与字母数字密码相同的面部识别和触摸ID法律保护。
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